An encoder is a device or software that converts information from one format to another, often for the purpose of efficient transmission or storage. For example, in digital communication, encoders transform audio or video signals into a compressed format, making it easier to send over the internet. In computing, encoders are used in various applications, such as converting text into binary code or transforming data for machine learning models. They play a crucial role in ensuring that information is accurately represented and can be easily processed by different systems, including computers and smartphones.