Electronic circuits are pathways made of conductive materials that allow electric current to flow. They consist of various components such as resistors, capacitors, and transistors, which work together to perform specific functions. These circuits can be simple, like those found in a flashlight, or complex, like those in computers and smartphones. The design and layout of electronic circuits are crucial for their performance. Engineers use schematic diagrams to represent circuits visually, making it easier to understand how each component interacts. Properly designed circuits can control devices, process information, and enable communication, playing a vital role in modern technology, including computers, smartphones, and home appliances.