Economic institutions are structures and mechanisms that govern economic activity within a society. They include organizations like banks, stock exchanges, and government agencies that create rules and regulations for economic transactions. These institutions help facilitate trade, manage resources, and ensure stability in the economy. Additionally, economic institutions encompass informal systems such as social norms and cultural practices that influence how people engage in economic activities. They play a crucial role in shaping behaviors, determining property rights, and establishing trust among individuals and businesses, ultimately impacting overall economic performance.