Dolutegravir is an antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection. It belongs to a class of drugs called integrase inhibitors, which work by blocking the virus's ability to integrate its genetic material into the host's DNA. This helps reduce the viral load in the body, allowing the immune system to recover and function more effectively. Approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2013, dolutegravir is often prescribed in combination with other antiretroviral medications. It is known for its effectiveness, favorable safety profile, and once-daily dosing, making it a popular choice for many patients managing HIV.