The distal convoluted tubule (DCT) is a part of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. Located after the loop of Henle, the DCT plays a crucial role in the reabsorption of sodium and water, as well as the secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. This process helps regulate electrolyte balance and blood pressure. The DCT is lined with specialized cells that facilitate these functions. Hormones like aldosterone influence the DCT's activity, promoting sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion. Overall, the DCT is essential for maintaining homeostasis in the body's fluid and electrolyte levels.