The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle located at the base of the chest cavity, separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. It plays a crucial role in the process of breathing. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, creating a vacuum that allows air to flow into the lungs. When it relaxes, it pushes air out of the lungs.
In addition to its role in respiration, the diaphragm also helps maintain pressure in the abdominal cavity, which is important for functions like digestion and childbirth. It is innervated by the phrenic nerve, which controls its movement and function.