Demographics refer to the statistical characteristics of a population. This includes information such as age, gender, income, education level, and ethnicity. By studying demographics, researchers can understand the makeup of a community or country, which helps in planning services, marketing products, and making policy decisions.
For example, a city with a large population of young families might focus on building more schools and playgrounds. In contrast, an area with a higher percentage of elderly residents may need more healthcare facilities and senior services. Understanding demographics is essential for meeting the needs of different groups within society.