Decay processes refer to the natural breakdown of unstable atomic nuclei into more stable forms. This can occur through various mechanisms, such as alpha decay, where an atom emits an alpha particle, or beta decay, where a neutron transforms into a proton and emits a beta particle. These processes release energy and can result in the formation of different elements. In addition to nuclear decay, the term can also apply to the decomposition of organic matter. This biological decay involves the breakdown of dead plants and animals by microorganisms, leading to the recycling of nutrients in ecosystems. Both types of decay are essential for maintaining balance in nature.