A criminal case is a legal proceeding in which an individual or group is accused of violating a law. These cases are typically initiated by the government, represented by a prosecutor, who presents evidence to prove that the accused, known as the defendant, committed a crime. The outcome can result in penalties such as fines, community service, or imprisonment. In a criminal case, the process usually involves several stages, including investigation, arrest, arraignment, and trial. During the trial, both the prosecution and the defense present their arguments and evidence. A judge or jury then decides the verdict, determining whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty of the charges.