"Crimes against humanity" refer to serious violations of human rights that are committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack against civilians. These crimes include acts such as murder, extermination, enslavement, and torture. They are recognized under international law and can be prosecuted by international courts, such as the International Criminal Court. These crimes are distinct from war crimes, as they can occur in times of peace or war. The term gained prominence after the Nuremberg Trials following World War II, where leaders were held accountable for atrocities committed during the conflict. The goal of addressing these crimes is to promote justice and prevent future violations.