Courts of first instance are the initial level of the judicial system where legal cases are heard and decided. These courts handle a variety of cases, including civil, criminal, and administrative matters. The decisions made in these courts can often be appealed to higher courts if one of the parties disagrees with the outcome. In many legal systems, such as those in the United States or Europe, courts of first instance are essential for ensuring that disputes are resolved fairly and efficiently. They typically consist of judges who evaluate evidence, hear testimonies, and apply the law to reach a verdict.