Conservation laws are fundamental principles in physics that state certain quantities remain constant in isolated systems. For example, the law of conservation of energy asserts that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another, such as from kinetic energy to potential energy. Another important conservation law is the law of conservation of momentum, which states that the total momentum of a closed system remains unchanged unless acted upon by an external force. These laws are crucial for understanding various physical processes and are applicable in fields like mechanics, thermodynamics, and particle physics.