A conflict of interest occurs when an individual or organization has multiple interests that could potentially influence their decisions or actions. This situation can lead to biased judgment, as personal gain may conflict with professional responsibilities. For example, a doctor who owns a stake in a pharmaceutical company might be tempted to prescribe that company's medication over others, even if it’s not the best option for the patient. Conflicts of interest can arise in various fields, including business, government, and academia. To maintain integrity and trust, it is essential for individuals to disclose any potential conflicts and take steps to manage them. This ensures that decisions are made based on objective criteria rather than personal benefit.