Computer Numerical Control (CNC) is a technology that uses computers to control machine tools. It allows for precise and automated manufacturing processes, where a computer program dictates the movements of machines like lathes, mills, and routers. This automation enhances accuracy and efficiency in producing complex parts. CNC systems operate by interpreting a design file, often created in Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software, and converting it into a series of commands. These commands guide the machine's movements, enabling it to cut, shape, or engrave materials such as metal, wood, or plastic with high precision.