Computer components are the essential parts that make up a computer system. The main components include the central processing unit (CPU), which acts as the brain of the computer, processing instructions and managing tasks. Other key components are the motherboard, which connects all parts together, and the random access memory (RAM), which temporarily stores data for quick access. Additionally, the hard drive or solid-state drive (SSD) is used for long-term data storage, while the power supply unit (PSU) provides the necessary electricity to run the system. Other components, like the graphics processing unit (GPU), enhance visual performance, especially in gaming and graphic design.