The common carotid arteries are major blood vessels located on each side of the neck. They are responsible for supplying oxygen-rich blood to the head and neck, branching into the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery. The internal carotid artery supplies blood to the brain, while the external carotid artery supplies blood to the face and neck. Each common carotid artery originates from different sources; the right common carotid artery branches from the brachiocephalic trunk, while the left common carotid artery arises directly from the aorta. These arteries are vital for maintaining proper blood flow to essential areas, including the brain and face.