Collision avoidance systems are technologies designed to prevent accidents by detecting potential collisions and taking action to avoid them. These systems use sensors, cameras, and radar to monitor the environment around a vehicle, identifying obstacles, other vehicles, and pedestrians. When a potential collision is detected, the system can alert the driver or automatically apply the brakes to prevent an impact. These systems are commonly found in modern vehicles and are part of advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS). They enhance safety by reducing the likelihood of accidents, making driving safer for everyone on the road. Examples of such systems include automatic emergency braking and lane departure warning.