Cognitive processes refer to the mental activities involved in acquiring, processing, and storing information. These processes include perception, attention, memory, reasoning, and problem-solving. They help individuals understand their environment, make decisions, and learn new skills. These processes are essential for everyday functioning and are influenced by various factors, such as emotions and experiences. Cognitive psychology studies these processes to understand how people think and behave. Understanding cognitive processes can improve learning strategies and enhance mental health by identifying ways to optimize thinking and decision-making.