Codeine is a prescription medication that belongs to a class of drugs known as opioids. It is commonly used to relieve mild to moderate pain and to reduce coughing. Codeine works by binding to specific receptors in the brain, which helps to decrease the perception of pain and suppress the cough reflex. While codeine can be effective for pain relief, it also carries the risk of side effects, including drowsiness, constipation, and potential for addiction. Due to these risks, it is important for patients to use codeine only as directed by a healthcare professional and to be aware of its potential interactions with other medications, such as acetaminophen or alcohol.