Coastal defense refers to the strategies and structures used to protect coastlines from erosion, flooding, and storm damage. These measures can include natural solutions like restoring mangroves and sand dunes, as well as man-made structures such as sea walls, breakwaters, and revetments. The goal is to safeguard coastal communities, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Effective coastal defense is essential for managing the impacts of climate change, including rising sea levels and increased storm intensity. By implementing a combination of hard and soft engineering techniques, coastal defense aims to maintain the balance between protecting human activities and preserving natural habitats along the coast.