A "coat of arms" is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armor. It symbolizes the identity of an individual, family, corporation, or state, often featuring various elements like animals, colors, and symbols that represent specific values or history. Coats of arms originated in the Middle Ages, primarily for knights to identify themselves in battle. Today, they are still used in official documents and ceremonies, representing institutions such as countries, cities, and families. Each coat of arms follows specific rules and traditions in its design.