Clear air turbulence (CAT) is a type of turbulence that occurs in clear skies, away from thunderstorms. It is caused by sudden changes in wind speed and direction, often at high altitudes where jet streams are present. Pilots may not see it coming, making it difficult to avoid. CAT can affect any aircraft, regardless of size, and can lead to unexpected jolts during a flight. While it can be unsettling for passengers, modern aircraft are designed to handle these conditions safely. Pilots receive training to manage CAT and ensure passenger safety during such events.