Classical logic is a system of reasoning that focuses on the principles of valid inference and truth. It is based on the idea that statements can be either true or false, but not both at the same time. This binary approach allows for clear conclusions to be drawn from premises, making it a foundational aspect of mathematics and philosophy. One of the key components of classical logic is the use of propositional logic, which deals with propositions and their relationships. Another important aspect is predicate logic, which extends propositional logic by including quantifiers and variables, allowing for more complex statements about objects and their properties.