Cerium oxide is a chemical compound made up of cerium and oxygen, represented by the formula CeO2. It is a white powder that is commonly used as a polishing agent for glass and ceramics due to its fine particle size and ability to produce a smooth finish. Additionally, cerium oxide is utilized in catalytic converters in vehicles, helping to reduce harmful emissions. In the field of materials science, cerium oxide is valued for its unique properties, including its ability to act as an oxygen storage medium. This makes it important in various applications, such as in fuel cells and solid oxide fuel cell technology. Its role in these technologies contributes to advancements in energy efficiency and environmental sustainability.