A central galaxy is the dominant galaxy located at the center of a galaxy cluster. It typically contains a large number of stars, gas, and dark matter, making it more massive than other galaxies in the cluster. Central galaxies often exhibit active galactic nuclei, which can emit significant amounts of energy. These galaxies play a crucial role in the evolution of their surrounding environment. They can influence the formation and dynamics of nearby galaxies through gravitational interactions and the expulsion of gas. Central galaxies are often studied in relation to galaxy clusters and cosmology to understand the large-scale structure of the universe.