Cell proliferation is the process by which cells divide and reproduce, leading to an increase in the number of cells. This process is essential for growth, development, and tissue repair in living organisms. It occurs through a series of stages known as the cell cycle, which includes phases such as interphase and mitosis. During cell proliferation, cells can respond to various signals that promote or inhibit their division. Factors like growth factors and hormones play a crucial role in regulating this process. Proper control of cell proliferation is vital, as uncontrolled cell division can lead to conditions such as cancer.