Caseous necrosis is a type of tissue death that occurs when cells break down and form a cheese-like substance. This condition is often associated with infections, particularly those caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which leads to tuberculosis. The affected tissue becomes soft and white, resembling cottage cheese, and can be found in the lungs or lymph nodes. The body’s immune response tries to contain the infection, leading to the formation of a granuloma, which is a cluster of immune cells. While this process helps to isolate the infection, it can also result in significant tissue damage. If not treated, caseous necrosis can lead to further complications and health issues.