Carburizing is a heat treatment process used to harden the surface of steel. During this process, the steel is heated in the presence of a carbon-rich material, allowing carbon atoms to diffuse into the surface. This increases the carbon content in the outer layer, enhancing its hardness and wear resistance. After carburizing, the steel is often quenched, which involves rapidly cooling it to lock in the hardness. This technique is commonly applied in manufacturing parts like gears and shafts, where durability is essential. The result is a strong, tough core with a hard outer layer, improving the overall performance of the component.