Carbon ions are charged particles that consist of carbon atoms with an unequal number of protons and electrons. This imbalance gives them a positive or negative charge, depending on whether they have lost or gained electrons. Carbon ions are important in various scientific fields, including chemistry and physics, as they can participate in chemical reactions and influence the behavior of materials. In the context of particle physics and nuclear medicine, carbon ions are used in advanced therapies, such as carbon ion therapy, which targets cancer cells more effectively than traditional treatments. Their unique properties allow for precise targeting, minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.