Captioning is the process of displaying text on a screen to provide a written representation of spoken dialogue and other audio elements in a video. This text helps viewers understand the content, especially those who are deaf or hard of hearing. Captions can also include descriptions of sound effects, music cues, and speaker identification, enhancing the overall viewing experience. There are two main types of captioning: closed captions and open captions. Closed captions can be turned on or off by the viewer, while open captions are always visible on the screen. Captioning is commonly used in movies, television shows, online videos, and live events to make content more accessible to a wider audience.