Californium-243 is a radioactive isotope of the element californium, which is a synthetic element first discovered in 1950. It has a half-life of about 29.1 years and is produced in nuclear reactors. Californium-243 is primarily used in scientific research and as a neutron source in various applications, including nuclear reactors and medical treatments. Due to its radioactivity, californium-243 must be handled with care in controlled environments. It emits alpha particles and gamma radiation, making it important for safety protocols to be followed during its use. Its unique properties make it valuable in fields such as nuclear science and radiography.