Business rates are a form of tax that local governments charge on non-domestic properties, such as shops, offices, and factories. These rates help fund local services like schools, roads, and emergency services. The amount a business pays is based on the property's estimated value, which is assessed periodically. The valuation is conducted by the Valuation Office Agency in the United Kingdom, and businesses can appeal their rates if they believe the assessment is incorrect. Payments are typically made annually, and there are various reliefs and exemptions available to support small businesses and certain sectors.