Building technologies refer to the various methods and materials used in the construction and design of buildings. This includes traditional techniques like masonry and framing, as well as modern innovations such as prefabrication and sustainable materials. These technologies aim to improve efficiency, safety, and environmental impact in the construction process. Advancements in building technologies also encompass smart systems, which integrate automation and energy management into buildings. Examples include smart thermostats, LED lighting, and energy-efficient HVAC systems. These technologies enhance comfort and reduce energy consumption, contributing to more sustainable and cost-effective building operations.