The brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) is a common rodent found in urban and rural areas worldwide. It has a robust body, short ears, and a long, hairless tail. Typically, brown rats are brown or gray in color and can weigh between 350 to 450 grams. They are known for their adaptability and can thrive in various environments, often living near human settlements. Brown rats are omnivorous, feeding on a wide range of foods, including grains, fruits, and even scraps from human waste. They are social animals, often living in large colonies. Their ability to reproduce quickly contributes to their population growth, making them a significant pest in many regions, often leading to conflicts with humans.