Bone marrow donation is a medical procedure where a healthy individual donates their bone marrow to help someone with a serious illness, such as leukemia or lymphoma. Bone marrow is the soft tissue inside bones that produces blood cells. Donors are typically matched with recipients based on genetic markers to ensure compatibility. The donation process can occur in two ways: through a surgical procedure that extracts marrow from the hip bone or through a non-surgical method called peripheral blood stem cell donation, where blood is drawn and stem cells are collected. Both methods are safe and can significantly improve the recipient's chances of recovery.