Biodiversity loss refers to the decline in the variety of life on Earth, including different species of plants, animals, and microorganisms. This loss can occur due to various factors, such as habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, and overexploitation of resources. When species disappear, ecosystems become less resilient, which can lead to further environmental problems.
The consequences of biodiversity loss are significant. For example, the extinction of a single species, like the passenger pigeon, can disrupt food chains and affect other species. Additionally, reduced biodiversity can limit the availability of natural resources, such as medicinal plants, which are crucial for human health and well-being.