A binary file is a type of computer file that contains data in a format that is not human-readable. Unlike text files, which store data as plain text characters, binary files store information in a series of bytes. This allows them to represent complex data types, such as images, audio, and executable programs, more efficiently. Binary files are often used for applications that require precise data representation, such as images, videos, and software applications. Because they are not meant to be read directly by humans, special programs or software are needed to interpret and manipulate the data within binary files.