A bandgap reference is an electronic circuit that generates a stable voltage reference based on the semiconductor's bandgap energy. This voltage is relatively constant over varying temperatures and supply voltages, making it useful in precision applications. The bandgap voltage is typically around 1.2 volts for silicon-based devices, which is derived from the physical properties of the material. These references are commonly used in integrated circuits, such as analog-to-digital converters and voltage regulators, to ensure accurate performance. By providing a reliable reference voltage, bandgap references help improve the overall stability and accuracy of electronic systems, especially in environments with fluctuating conditions.