Ballistic missiles are weapons designed to deliver a payload over long distances using a high, arching trajectory. They are powered during the initial phase of flight by rocket engines, after which they coast through space before descending towards their target. These missiles can carry various types of warheads, including conventional explosives or nuclear payloads. Typically, ballistic missiles are categorized into short-range, medium-range, and intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), depending on their range. They are launched from fixed sites or mobile platforms and can be equipped with guidance systems to improve accuracy. Countries often develop ballistic missile technology for national defense and deterrence purposes.