Background effects refer to the influence that surrounding elements have on a subject or event. These effects can shape perceptions, emotions, and behaviors by providing context or contrast. For example, the setting of a photograph can enhance the subject's appeal or convey a specific mood. In psychology, background effects can impact decision-making and memory recall. Factors such as lighting, color, and ambient noise can alter how information is processed. Understanding these effects is crucial in fields like marketing, where the environment can significantly affect consumer behavior and choices.