Azo dyes are a class of synthetic dyes characterized by the presence of one or more azo groups (–N=N–) in their chemical structure. They are widely used in various industries, including textiles, food, and cosmetics, due to their vibrant colors and ability to bond with different materials. Azo dyes can produce a wide range of colors, making them popular for coloring fabrics and other products. These dyes can be further classified into direct, reactive, and disperse azo dyes, depending on how they interact with the substrate. While azo dyes are effective and versatile, some types have raised environmental and health concerns due to their potential to break down into harmful compounds, leading to regulations in their use.