The axial skeleton is a major part of the human skeleton that includes the bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. It serves as the central framework of the body, providing support and protection for vital organs, such as the brain, heart, and lungs. The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones in total, which are crucial for maintaining posture and facilitating movement. The skull protects the brain and supports the structures of the face. The vertebral column, or spine, consists of individual vertebrae that protect the spinal cord and allow for flexibility. The rib cage encases the heart and lungs, ensuring their safety while allowing for respiratory movements. Together, these components form the core of the body's skeletal structure.