The avant-garde film movement emerged in the early 20th century as a response to traditional filmmaking. It sought to challenge conventional narratives and aesthetics, often experimenting with form, structure, and content. This movement emphasized artistic expression and innovation, leading to the creation of films that were often abstract, surreal, or non-linear. Key figures in the avant-garde film movement include directors like Maya Deren and Jean-Luc Godard, who pushed the boundaries of cinema. Their works often incorporated unconventional techniques, such as jump cuts and dreamlike sequences, encouraging viewers to engage with film in new and thought-provoking ways.