Autoimmunity occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy cells, tissues, or organs. Normally, the immune system protects the body from infections and diseases by identifying and destroying harmful invaders like bacteria and viruses. In autoimmune diseases, this process goes awry, leading to inflammation and damage. There are many types of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and type 1 diabetes. The exact cause of autoimmunity is not fully understood, but it may involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. Treatment often focuses on managing symptoms and reducing immune system activity.