An attenuator is a device used to reduce the power of a signal without significantly distorting its waveform. They are commonly used in various fields, including telecommunications and audio engineering, to manage signal levels and prevent distortion or overload in equipment. Attenuators can be passive or active. Passive attenuators use resistors to lower the signal strength, while active attenuators may incorporate amplifiers to control the signal more precisely. They are essential in ensuring that signals remain within optimal levels for processing and transmission, contributing to clearer communication and sound quality.