Attachment theory is a psychological framework that explains how early relationships with caregivers shape an individual's emotional and social development. Developed by John Bowlby and later expanded by Mary Ainsworth, the theory posits that secure attachments lead to healthier relationships in adulthood, while insecure attachments can result in difficulties in emotional regulation and interpersonal connections. The theory identifies four main attachment styles: secure, anxious, avoidant, and disorganized. These styles reflect how individuals respond to intimacy and relationships based on their early experiences. Understanding these attachment styles can help people recognize patterns in their relationships and promote healthier interactions.