Atonality is a musical concept that refers to compositions that do not have a tonal center or key. Unlike traditional music, which is based on scales and chords that create a sense of resolution, atonal music avoids these structures, resulting in a more dissonant and unpredictable sound. This approach allows composers to explore new musical ideas without the constraints of conventional harmony. The development of atonality is often associated with composers like Arnold Schoenberg, who sought to break away from traditional tonal systems in the early 20th century. Atonal music can evoke a wide range of emotions and is often used in modern classical compositions, film scores, and avant-garde works.