Astronomical instruments are tools used by scientists to observe and study celestial objects like stars, planets, and galaxies. Common examples include telescopes, which gather light to magnify distant objects, and spectrometers, which analyze the light spectrum to determine the composition of stars. These instruments have evolved over time, from simple naked-eye observations to advanced space telescopes like the Hubble Space Telescope. Each instrument plays a crucial role in expanding our understanding of the universe and its many phenomena.