The arapaima is a large freshwater fish native to the Amazon River basin in South America. It is one of the largest fish species in the world, capable of growing up to 15 feet long and weighing over 440 pounds. Arapaima are known for their distinctive appearance, featuring a long, streamlined body and a large, bony head. Arapaima are unique among fish because they breathe air, requiring access to the surface every 15 to 20 minutes. They primarily feed on smaller fish and invertebrates. Due to overfishing and habitat loss, the arapaima is considered vulnerable, prompting conservation efforts to protect this remarkable species.