Appendiceal perforation occurs when the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine, becomes inflamed and develops a hole. This condition often results from untreated appendicitis, which is the inflammation of the appendix. When the appendix perforates, it can release bacteria and other harmful substances into the abdominal cavity, leading to serious complications. Symptoms of appendiceal perforation may include severe abdominal pain, fever, and nausea. If not treated promptly, it can lead to peritonitis, an infection of the abdominal lining, which is a medical emergency. Treatment typically involves surgery to remove the appendix and clean the abdominal cavity.